The DSM-IV classifies mental retardation into four stages based on severity: mild (IQ score of 50-55 to approximately 70), moderate (IQ score of 30-35 to 50-55), severe (IQ score of 20-25 to 35-40), and profound (IQ score of less than 20-25).

What are the 4 levels of intellectual disability?

There are four levels of ID:mild.moderate.severe.profound.

What is the most common level of mental retardation?

Most affected individuals have mild mental retardation (IQ of 50 to 70). Moderate mental retardation is defined by a tested IQ of between 35 to 40 and 50 to 55. Severe mental retardation is defined by a tested IQ of between 20 to 25 and 35 to 40.

What are four causes of mental retardation?

Causes of mental retardation include fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effect; brain damage caused by the use of prescription or illegal drugs during pregnancy; brain injury and disease; and genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome.

What are the cause of mental retardation?

Some persons have a congenital malformation of the brain; others had damage to the brain at a critical period in pre- or postnatal development. Acquired causes of retardation include near- drowning, traumatic brain injury and central nervous system malignancy.

Who can diagnose an intellectual disability?

A diagnosis of intellectual disability involves formal testing with an IQ test. Paediatricians or psychologists can organise these tests.

What is the most common genetic cause of mental retardation?

Specific examples of metabolic disorders with prominent MRDD include phenylketonuria, maternal phenylketonuria, Lesch-Nyhan, galactosemia, and adrenoleukodystrophy. o Down Syndrome is the leading genetic cause of mental retardation, occurring in about 1/800-1000 births.

How can we prevent mental retardation?

Prenatal diagnosis, newborn screening, dietary supplementation or restriction, hormone replacement, vaccination, and immunotherapy are just some of the techniques that have been applied to prevent mental retardation.

How do you know if you have an intellectual disability?

What are some of the signs of intellectual disability?sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children.learn to talk later, or have trouble speaking.find it hard to remember things.have trouble understanding social rules.have trouble seeing the results of their actions.have trouble solving problems.

How do you diagnose an intellectual disability?

Three things factor into the diagnosis of intellectual disability: interviews with the parents, observation of the child, and testing of intelligence and adaptive behaviors. A child is considered intellectually disabled if they have deficits in both IQ and adaptive behaviors.

How do you get diagnosed with intellectual disability?

The diagnosis of an intellectual disability is typically made through a test of intelligence or cognition, often assessed by the range of scores on an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test.

Can mental retardation run in families?

Mental retardation caused by chromosomal abnormalities, genetic disorders, inherited metabolic disorders and some infectious diseases may run in families. Genetic testing can help families evaluate their risk for having a child with mental retardation.

What is the primary prevention of mental retardation?

Health and family planning, recognition of at risk situations, genetic counseling, prenatal care, antenatal diagnosis, neonatal screening and pediatric care are just a few of the preventive actions to safe-guard the birth of normal children and secure normal mental development.

Is mental retardation genetic?

Mental retardation is caused by a number of different factors. Among genetic disorders, Fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome are the commonest causes of mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inherited form of mental retardation.